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Cancer in Parkinson Disease: an approximation to the main risk factors

Background: Many evidences suggest a pathological link between neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In fact, several epidemiologic studies indicate a a decreased incidence of most cancer types in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and some PD genes are involved in cancer networks. Objective : The aim of this study is to assess the influence of several factors in the risk of cancer in a cohort of 753 PD patients and to study how these variables interact with each other. Methods: We analyzed the effect of gender, tobacco, alcohol, type of PD (genetic (gPD) or idiopathic PD (iPD)) and two genetic variants, previouly associated with cancer, rs5848- GRN, rs1042522- TP53. Results: A higher age at PD onset was observed in patients that develop cancer before PD (p<0.001). Alcohol consumption was a risk factor to develop cancer in PD patients (p=0.011) while smoking was not a cancer risk factor in our cohort(p=0.098). Among the genetic factors, the genotype TT GRN-rs5848 was statistically more frequent in PD patients without cancer (p=0.05). Conclusions: Our study identified several factors, genetic and non-genetic, which contribute to the risk for cancer in PD.

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